marketing mix 7p哪7个?

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marketing mix 7p哪7个?

marketing mix 7p哪7个?
marketing mix 7p
哪7个?

marketing mix 7p哪7个?
7P营销组合 7P's
  7P‘S服务营销理论是以经典营销理论中的4P‘S营销理论为基础发展而来的,它结合服务自身的特点,将产品(product)、渠道(place)、促销(promotion)、价格(price)的4P理论进一步拓展为包含人员(people)、有形展示(physical evidence)、过程(process)的7P‘S理论,基于此的营销策略就是7P‘S服务营销策略.
  营销组合包括公司为影响产品需求所进行的所有活动,具体可分为四类变数,称为"4P",即产品(product)、价格(price)、分销(place)和促销(promotion).
  产品(Product):产品代表公司提供给目标市场的实物和服务组合.
  价格(Price):价格代表消费者为获得产品所必须支付的金额.
  分销(Place):分销代表公司为使产品送到目标顾客手中所进行的各种活动.
  促销(Promotion):促销代表公司为宣传其产品优点和说服目标顾客购买所进行的各种活动.广告、人员推销、销售折扣、现金折扣等都是重要的促销手段.
  人员(People):所有的人都直接或间接地被卷入某种服务的消费过程中,这是7P营销组合很重要的一个观点.知识工作者、白领雇员、管理人员以及部分消费者将额外的价值增加到了既有的社会总产品或服务的供给中,这部分价值往往非常显著.
  过程(Process):服务通过一定的程序、机制以及活动得以实现的过程(亦即消费者管理流程),是市场营销战略的一个关键要素.
  物证(Physical Evidence):包括服务供给得以顺利传送的服务环境,有形商品承载和表达服务的能力,当前消费者的无形消费体验,以及向潜在顾客传递消费满足感的能力.
  相对于前两个P(人员、过程),最后一个P(物证)是一个比较抽象的要素.

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