急求垮掉的一代的英文简介!以定义和背景为主,其他内容也越详细越好,感激不尽!

急求垮掉的一代的英文简介!以定义和背景为主,其他内容也越详细越好,感激不尽!
急求垮掉的一代的英文简介!
以定义和背景为主,其他内容也越详细越好,感激不尽!

急求垮掉的一代的英文简介!以定义和背景为主,其他内容也越详细越好,感激不尽!
>>Brief Introduction
The Beat Generation is a term used to describe both a group of American writers who came to prominence in the late 1950s and early 1960s,and the cultural phenomena that they wrote about and inspired (later sometimes called "beatniks").
The major works of Beat writing are Allen Ginsberg's Howl (1956),William S.Burroughs's Naked Lunch (1959) and Jack Kerouac's On the Road (1957).[1] Both Howl and Naked Lunch were the focus of obscenity trials that ultimately helped to liberalize what could be published in the United States.On the Road transformed Kerouac's friend Neal Cassady into a youth-culture hero.The members of the Beat Generation quickly developed a reputation as new bohemian hedonists,who celebrated non-conformity and spontaneous creativity.
The adjective beat had the connotations of "tired" or "down and out," but as used by Kerouac it included the paradoxical connotations of "upbeat","beatific",and the musical association of being "on the beat." The Beat writers emphasized a visceral engagement in worldly experiences combined with a quest for deeper spiritual understanding; many of them developed a strong interest in Buddhism.
Echoes of the Beat Generation can be seen throughout many other modern subcultures,such as "hippies" and "punks".
>>Background of the name
Author Jack Kerouac introduced the phrase "Beat Generation" in 1948,generalizing from his social circle to characterize the underground,anti-conformist youth gathering in New York at that time; the name came up in conversation with the novelist John Clellon Holmes (who published an early novel about the beat generation,titled Go,in 1952,along with a manifesto of sorts in the New York Times Magazine:"This is the beat generation").The adjective "beat" was introduced to the group by Herbert Huncke,though Kerouac expanded the meaning of the term.Other adjectives discussed by Holmes and Kerouac were "found" and "furtive".
Kerouac's claim that he had identified (and embodied) a new trend analogous to the influential Lost Generation might have seemed grandiose at the time,but in retrospect it's clear that he was correct -- though possibly largely because the prophecy was self-fulfilling.
具体的去维基百科看：）