英语翻译Selection of formwork system6.1 IntroductionSome confusion is liable to occur when using the term ‘formwork system’ so that the term should be first of all defined.Each formwork manufacturing company has what is termed a formwork syst

英语翻译Selection of formwork system6.1 IntroductionSome confusion is liable to occur when using the term ‘formwork system’ so that the term should be first of all defined.Each formwork manufacturing company has what is termed a formwork syst
英语翻译
Selection of formwork system
6.1 Introduction
Some confusion is liable to occur when using the term ‘formwork system’ so that the term should be first of all defined.Each formwork manufacturing company has what is termed a formwork system but for the contractor the term must be considered from a different aspect．The simplest definition would be:’An assembly of versatile formwork plant and elements,making up a complete mould for the concrete,including all supporting construction and scaffolds,which can be used repeatedly by the site operatives throughout a contract.’
Formwork systems should never be decided on site.The choice of a system has to be governed by several factors which include：
1.Available formwork elements.
2.Available plant.
3.Hire or purchase of formwork.
4.Formwork costs.
5.Design of formwork.
Such factors can only be decided in the formwork office by the responsible manager who will have the advice of the planner,designer,and plant controller.By keeping this decision centrally within the company there will be a decisive increase in the use of plant and costs will be as low as possible.This does not mean,of course,that the contracts manager or supervisor has nothing to say in the choice of formwork,because they should always be consulted,and if there is a choice they can state their preference,but the final decision can only be made when considering the company as a whole and not the interests of one site.The supervisory staff should not be forced to use a formwork system they do not want but should be persuaded by sound technical advice and costs.
It will be found that almost every contract is different,at least partially,to the previous contracts carried out,so that each contract has to be viewed from its own special circumstances and is a challenge to the ingenuity of the formwork planner and designers.When determining a system it must be remembered that foundations,columns,walls,beams and floors can have a combined system or each its own system.This is best illustrated by tunnel formwork whereby the walls and floors in cross-wall construction are cast simultaneously with one formwork element,the combination of these elements as a whole being also a system.
Taking each part of the construction separately it will readily be seen whether several systems are necessary or combined systems.It may even be found that the building is so complicated that it does not lend itself at all to a so-called 'system' but will have to be constructed by traditional means (or loose formwork).In this manner the decision will therefore be made to design a system for each part of the construction.When comparing costs it is always useful to have quotations from formwork manufacturers for ready-made systems as these can often prove to be more economical.It must also be said that systems are not only for larger firms,the contract will decide whether a system is worth using or not.

英语翻译Selection of formwork system6.1 IntroductionSome confusion is liable to occur when using the term ‘formwork system’ so that the term should be first of all defined.Each formwork manufacturing company has what is termed a formwork syst
选择模板体系
6.1引言
有些混淆,即属违法,发生时,其使用的术语是'模板体系' ,使这一词应该首先对界定.每个模板制造公司有什么是称为模板体系,但为承包者的任期,必须考虑从不同aspect.the最简单的定义是：将'集会的多功能模板厂和要素,组成了一条完整的模混凝土,包括各项配套建设和棚架,可反复使用,由现场操作工在整个合同.
模板系统应该永远决定地盘.选择一种制度,要由几个因素,其中包括：
1 .提供模板分子.
2 .现有核电厂.
3 .租用或购买的模板.
4 .模板成本.
5 .设计模板.
这些因素只能决定在模板办公室,由负责的经理人将有意见的规划者,设计师,以及植物控制器.保持这一决定统一公司内部有将是一个决定性的增加,在利用植物和成本将在尽可能低的.但这并不意味着,当然,合同部经理或督导员已无话可说了,在选择模板,因为他们要经常征询,如果有一个选择,他们可以自己的喜好,但最后的决定只能取得时,必须考虑公司的整体利益和不利益的一个网站.督导人员不应该被迫使用一个模板体系,他们不希望,但要说服完善的技术咨询和成本.
它会发现,几乎每一个合同的情况不同,至少部分,以原有合约进行,使每一个合同已被认为是从自己的特殊情况,是一个挑战,头脑灵活的模板,策划者和设计师.当确定系统必须记住的基础,柱,墙,梁和地板能有一个组合系统,每个人自己的制度.这是最好的说明,由隧道模板,而墙壁和地板,在跨墙的施工,同时投同一个模板元素,结合了这些要素作为一个整体,同时亦是一种制度.
同时每一部分的施工分开,它会很容易看出是否有几个系统是必要的或联合系统.它甚至有可能发现该大楼是如此复杂,它不适合于所有以一个所谓的『系统』 ,但一定要兴建,由传统手段（或松散的模板） ,在这种方式决定,因此,将取得设计一套制度,为每一部分的施工.当比较成本,它总是有益的报价已经从模板制造商准备国产系统,因为这些往往能证明是更加经济.但也必须说,系统不仅是对规模较大的公司,该合同将决定是否有系统的,是值得采用与否.